论犯罪工具的没收——兼评没收“供犯罪所用的本人财物”规定的不足

On Confiscation of Criminal Tools——A Simultaneous Comment on the Defect of Our Confiscation Legislation on Criminal Tools

我国新刑事诉讼法增设了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得的没收程序。其中,对犯罪工具的没收限定于"供犯罪所用的本人财物"。此规定体现了罪责自负和对第三人权益保护的原则,但与国际公约与其他国家没收立法的通行规定不符。分析对犯罪工具予以没收的法理依据,有必要正视我国没收"供犯罪所用的本人财物"规定之不足,并完善之。

The new Code of Criminal Procedure has added the confiscation proceeding of criminal suspects＇ illegal gains, among which, the confiscation of criminal tools is only limited to ＂criminal property owned by himself＇. This provision reflects the taking-responsibility- for-one＇s-own-guilt principle and protecting-the-third-party principle, but it is not in conformity with the general provisions on confiscation in International Conventions and the confiscation legislation in other countries. Analyzing the basis of jurisprudence on confiscation of criminal tools requires that the defect of confiscation legislation be taken seriously and improved.