以“心”行政——杨慈湖的政务活动及政治主张

To Handle State Affairs via Mind Theories——On the State Affairs and Political Views of Yang Tz'u-hu

南宋时期"为斯文宗主"的杨慈湖的思想历来受到重视。在杨慈湖本人,思想与政务两者之间密不可分。杨慈湖所经历的如富阳行政、绍兴施政、两次被荐、乐平教化、进谏皇帝及温州善政等主要政务活动,都是以其对"心"的体悟、理解为基本前提的。杨慈湖的政治主张,因强调"心"的纯然之善的普遍推行而绝对理想化,在实际的政治生活中未能持久地发挥作用。

Yang Tz＇u-hu was known as Refmed Suzerain during the Southem Song Dynasty and his thought has been attached much importance. And there was a close connection between his thoughts and the state affairs on himself. In his whole life, he experienced many state affairs such as undertaking administration in Fuyang and Shaoxing; being candidate twice; civilizing instruction in Leping; paying remonstrations to the Emperor and taking kind governance in Wenzhou. All of the above was premised on the experience and comprehension of his ＂mind＂. Yang Tz＇u-hu＇s political views are not adopted because he stressed much on the pure benevolence of mind and put it to an ideal situation. Therefore, his Mind Theories are not in a position to play permanent roles in actual political life.