测试设备缓冲材料抗冲击性能的仿真和评估

Simulation and Evaluation on Impact Resistance Performance of Testing Equipment Buffer Materials

缓冲材料的可靠性是影响设备工作稳定性的关键;以泡沫铝和聚氨酯为研究对象,用有限元分析法模拟两者在冲击环境下的力学响应;采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件进行了弹体的侵彻环境分析,针对子弹速度为300m/s和1 000m/s的情况分别进行动力学仿真实验,研究了两者的抗冲击性能;采用安全冲击速度Janssen系数和缓冲系数C作为衡量测试设备缓冲材料性能好坏的评价标准;根据ANSYS/LS-DYNA的实际仿真结果可得,当子弹速度为300m/s时,聚氨酯的Janssen系数为0.8,泡沫铝的Janssen系数为1;当子弹速度为1 000m/s时,聚氨酯的Janssen系数为0.08,泡沫铝的Janssen系数为0.112;且聚氨酯和泡沫铝的缓冲系数C分别为0.61和11;实验数据结果表明,泡沫铝的抗冲击性能优于聚氨酯,具有明显的优越性和广泛的应用前景。

Reliability of buffer materials is a key factor to influence the stability of equipment. Aluminum foam and polyurethane for the study, using finite element analysis method simulate the mechanical response in shock environment. Using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software analyses and simulates the bullet which the velocity is 300m/s and 1000m/s in the penetration environment, researching the impact resistance performance of aluminum foam and polyurethane. Janssen coefficient and the buffer coefficient are used to evaluate the performance of buffer materials. According to the actual simulation results of ANSYS/LS--DYNA, when the bullet speed is 300m/s, Janssen coefficient of polyurethane is 0.8, and Janssen coefficient of aluminum foam is 1. And when the bullet speed is 1000m/s, Janssen coefficient of polyurethane is 0. 08, and Janssen coefficient of aluminum foam is 0. 112. Besides, the buffer coefficient of polyurethane and aluminum foam are 0. 61 and 11. Experimental results show that the impact resistance performance of aluminum foam is better than that of polyurethane, and it has obv ous advantages.