红壤区不同施肥处理对蔗区土壤酸化及甘蔗产量的影响

Effect of Different Fertilizers on Soil Acidification and Sugarcane Yield in Red Soil Region

以长期定位试验为基础,甘蔗为供试作物,不施肥为对照(CK),设化学氮磷钾肥(NPK)、化学氮磷钾肥+有机肥(NPKM)、化学氮磷钾+蔗叶还田(NPK+蔗叶)3种不同施肥处理,研究不同施肥条件下红壤pH的变化规律。结果表明:长期施用NPK肥,不仅导致红壤交换性酸和交换性铝的持续增加,而且对提高红壤中有效磷和有效钾含量效果不显著,同时不能确保甘蔗产量的持续增产;长期施用NPKM或NPK+蔗叶处理,降低了红壤中交换性酸和交换性铝的含量,不仅有助于减缓红壤酸化进程,而且显著提高红壤有效磷和有效钾的含量,同时有助于提高和维持较高的甘蔗产量。

Based on a long-term experiment including no fertilizer（CK）,chemical fertilizer（NPK）,chemical fertilizer＋organic manure（NPKM）and chemical fertilizer＋sugarcane leaves（NPKL）treatments,the effect of different fertilizers on soil acidification and sugarcane yield were analyzed.The results showed that the long term application of NPK would lead to increased soil exchangeable acidity and exchangeable Al content and lead to lower available phosphorous and potassium content in the soils in NPKM and NPKL treatments,and was not helpful to improve sugarcane yield sustainably; The long term application of NPKM and NPKL would lead to lower soil exchangeable acidity and exchangeable Al content,alleviated soil acidification,increased available phosphorous and potassium content and higher productivity.