近代广州港蔗糖、草席出口的盛衰及原因初探

A Preliminary Study on the Rise and Fall of Sugar and Straw-mats Export from Guangzhou Port in Modern Time

在1847年以前,广州港蔗糖出口处于上升阶段。此后,广州港蔗糖出口量逐渐下降。洋糖的大量输入、国际市场上糖税的变更、香港转口贸易的竞争、汕头开埠是导致其出口量下跌的重要原因。广州港草席出口形成了三个阶段。第一阶段为19世纪90年代以前,广州出口草席销路很好。第二阶段为19世纪90年代初期至中期,广州港出口草席逐渐下降。第三阶段为19世纪90年代后期至20世纪初期,形成了广州地席出口的"黄金时代",此后逐渐衰落。来自日本和国内其它口岸的竞争,广州出口草席自身存在的质量问题,织席者和贩席者之间的矛盾是导致草席出口衰落的重要原因。

Before 1847, the sugar export from Guangzhou Port was on the rise, but it declined after that, due to the huge import of foreign sugar, the change in sugar tax rate in the international market, the competition of entrepot trade in Hong Kong as well as the opening of Shantou Port. There are three stages in the development of the straw-mats export from Guangzhou. The first stage was before 1890s when the straw-mats exported from Guangzhou found a good market. The second mid-1890s when the straw-mats export of Guangzh stage was from the early 1890s to the ou Port gradually declined. The third stage was from the late 1890s to the early 20th century, which was the golden age for the mats export of Guangzhou port. However, after that, the exports volume decreased, mainly because of the competition from Japan and the other ports in China, the quality of the straw - mats as well conflicts between the knitters and the traders.