黔东“飞地”之地湖乡研究

A Study of Dihu Township,an “Enclave” in East Guizhou

地湖乡位于贵州东部,隶天柱而身居湖南会同,是一块典型的"飞地"。通过对明清以来"地湖"行政区划之历史沿革的梳理发现:"地湖"在某一时期存在交叉管理现象,"飞地"的成因及其划拨问题官方文献中均未涉及;其成因学界虽趋向于"土地买卖"的产物,但还需要更多材料的发掘与研究;其形成时间则可能在民国末期或建国初期,且与"地湖"周边地区行政区划的变迁有密切关系。

Dihu, a typical enclave township in east Guizhou Province, belongs to Tianzhu County but is located in Huitong County of Hunan Province. By sorting out the historical data of its administrative divisions after the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the study leads to the conclusion that Dihu used to be under management from both Guizhou and Hunan in history. However, no official records have been found about how it turned into an enclave. More and more scholars tend to accept that the enclave was the product of land sale, though the hypothesis needs to be proved with more historical data. It might be true that Dihu became an enclave at the end of Republic of China or in the early years of the People＇ s Republic of China, closely related to the change of the administrative divisions around.