美越关系的历次关键转折及其决定因素

The Turning Points of the US-Vietnam Relations and the Determinants

自越南战争爆发至今,越美关系经历了从敌对到"全面伙伴关系"的蜕变过程,这主要还是受到美国全球战略和地区政策转变的影响。基于战略利益的考量,越美两国2013年7月宣布建立"全面伙伴关系",两国在政治、安保和经济领域的合作范围不断扩大。但越南的民主、人权、民族和宗教等问题仍将持续存在并影响越美双边关系的发展;同时,越美关系受到经济利益、意识形态等因素的影响。总体来看,越美两国想通过战略合作伙伴关系来加强双边合作,但制约两国关系的障碍并未真正消除。

Since the end of the Vietnam War, the US-Vietnam relations have drastically transitioned from hostility to ＂comprehensive partnership＂. This came as a result of the change in the US global strategy and regional policy. For the purpose of strategic interests, the two countries announced the establishment of a ＂comprehensive partnership＂ in July 2o13, aiming to expand their cooperation in the political, security and economic areas. But the problems related to democracy, human rights, ethnicity and religion in Vietnam will continue to exist and influence the development of its relations with the US; at the same time, the US-Vietnam relations are also affected by economic interests, ideology and other factors. Overall, the US and Vietnam want to strengthen their cooperation through the strategic cooperative partnership, but obstacles restricting their relations are yet to be truly eliminated.