酿酒葡萄新品种桂葡2号田间栽培比较试验

Comparative cultivation tests of new wine grape variety Guipu 2 in the field

【目的】进一步了解桂葡2号的农艺性状及生物学特性,为该品种的推广应用提供科学依据。【方法】以桂葡2号、毛葡萄、凌丰3个酿酒葡萄品种为供试材料,通过田间栽培比较试验,观察其物候期、生长结果性能、丰产性、果实品质及抗病性等。【结果】桂葡2号从萌芽到果实成熟需130 d,比毛葡萄少15 d,比凌丰葡萄多15 d。桂葡2号的结果枝率、果穗重、果粒重、可溶性固形物含量和出汁率均高于母本毛葡萄,分别高出14.8%、63.2 g、0.82 g、3.0%和4.0%;单株产量(3.61 kg/株)和平均产量(14458.05 kg/ha)比母本毛葡萄提高了2.03 kg/株和8130.15 kg/ha,增产达极显著水平(P<0.01)。桂葡2号的生产性能略低于凌丰葡萄,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。桂葡2号在正常的田间管理和防治条件下,未见有明显病害发生,果穗抗霜霉病和白腐病较强,但雨水多时叶片局部有霜霉病发生。【结论】桂葡2号的综合性状优于母本毛葡萄,具有坐果率高、结果性状好、丰产稳产、抗病性较强、适应性强等特点,适宜在南方高温多雨地区推广种植,尤其对广西丘陵、山地、石漠化石山等具有较强的适应性。

[ Objective ]The agronomic characters and biological Characteristics of Guipu 2 were further studied to provide references for its application and promotion. [Method]Using wine grape Guipu 2, Vitis quinquangularis Rehd., Lingfeng as the experimental materials, their phenophase, growth and fruiting performance, high yield trait, fruit quality and resistance were observed through field tests. [Result ]The germination-to-fruit maturation duration of Guipu 2 was 130 days, which was 15 days less than that of Vitis quinquangulaffs Rehd., and 15 days more than that of Lingfeng grape. The percentage of fruit branch, cluster weight, berry weight, soluble solids contents and juice yield of Guipu 2 were 14.8%, 63.2 g, 0.82 g, 3.0% and 4.0% higher than those of Vitis quinquangularis Rehd. Its yield per plant （3.61 kg/plant） and average yield （14458.05 kg/ha） were 2.03 kg/plant and 8130.15 kg/ha higher than those of Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.. The increase reached the significant level （P〈0.01）. Production performance of Guipu 2 was slightly worse than that of Lingfeng, however the difference was not significant （P〉0.05）. Under the conditions of normal field management and prevention, Guipu 2 didn＇t have serious diseases. It had strong resistance to downy mildew and white rot ability, but downy mildew occurred in some parts of leaves when it was heavily rainy. [Conclusion]The comprehensive characters of Guipu 2 are better than those of Vitis quinquangularis Rehd. Guipu 2 has high setting rate, fruiting traits, high yield, strong resistance and adaptability, hence it can be planted in high temperature and rainfall areas in South China, Particularly, Guipu has a high adaptability to hilly, mountainous and karst rocky desertification area.