氧化铝柱层析纯化鸭肝卵磷脂的工艺研究

Purification of duck liver lecithin by alumina column chromatography

【目的】探讨氧化铝柱层析法纯化鸭肝卵磷脂的最佳工艺条件。为鸭肝卵磷脂的生产利用提供参考。【方法】以鸭肝为试验材料，考察氧化铝目数、洗脱液体积分数、洗脱液流速、上样质量分数、上样量等因素对氧化铝柱层析纯化鸭肝卵磷脂的影响，并对纯化卵磷脂进行薄层层析定性分析和气相色谱定量分析。【结果】在氧化铝目数100～200目、95％乙醇洗脱液、洗脱液流速3．5mL／min、上样质量分数0．2g/mL、上样量4．25g的柱层析纯化条件下，鸭肝卵磷脂的纯度和得率分别为90．37％和86．51％；纯化后鸭肝卵磷脂经薄层层析定性分析呈大而亮的斑点，杂质少；纯化鸭肝卵磷脂的不饱和脂肪酸含量较高，其中所含人体必需脂肪酸亚油酸、亚麻酸约占15．100％。【结论】氧化铝柱层析法是纯化鸭肝卵磷脂的有效方法。

[Objective]Purification conditions of duck liver lecithin by alumina column chromatography were optimized to provide references for industrial production of duck liver lecithin. [Method]Using duck livers as test materials, the effects of aluminum oxide mesh number, eluent concentration, eluent flow rate, sample concentration and loading volume on alumina oxide column purification of duck liver lecithin were evaluated. The purified lecithin was analyzed using TLC and gas chromatography. [Result]The results showed that the optimized purity and yield of the duck liver lecithin were up to 90.37% and 86.51%, respectively, and the parameters were 100-200 alumina oxide mesh number, 4.25 g loading volume, 0.2g/mL sample concentration, 95% ethanol concentration, and 3.5mL/min flow rate. The purified duck liver lecithin displayed a large and bright spot on the plate by TLC analysis, and had less impurity. The duck liver lecithin had higher content of unsaturated fatty acids, including linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which were essential fatty acids and accounted for 15.100% of the total fatty acids. [Conclusion]The duck liver lecithin can be effectively purified from alumina oxide column.