低温环境下聚磷微生物的富集驯化研究

Acclimation of Microorganisms Responsible for Phosphorus Removal at Low Temperature

针对低温环境下生物强化除磷工艺的启动与运行,研究了厌氧/好氧和厌氧/缺氧两种模式富集驯化好氧聚磷菌和反硝化聚磷菌的效果.研究表明,以城市污水处理厂活性污泥为接种污泥,在8~11℃的低温环境下能有效完成好氧和反硝化聚磷菌的富集驯化,厌氧/好氧和厌氧/缺氧反应器分别在第40 d和第80 d达到稳定状态.厌氧/好氧反应器内污泥释磷和吸磷能力强于厌氧/缺氧反应器内污泥,分别为27.7 mg P/g MLVSS,35.2 mg P/g MLVSS,17.4 mg P/g MLVSS,23.1 mg P/g MLVSS.反硝化聚磷菌可以在好氧条件下以氧为电子受体快速吸收磷,而好氧聚磷菌在缺氧环境中以硝酸盐为电子受体立即吸收磷的能力较弱,仅为6.9 mgP/gMLVSS,占好氧吸磷的19.6%.厌氧/好氧和厌氧/缺氧两个反应器富集前后聚磷菌（Accumulibacter）的丰度分别由9.3%（接种污泥）增加到79.3%（好氧聚磷菌）和61.6%（反硝化聚磷菌）,同样表明了在该低温环境下两个生物强化除磷工艺均实现了Accumulibacter的有效富集.

The acclimation of microorganisms responsible for phosphorus removal consisting of PAO and DPB was investigated by using two （enhanced biological phosphorus removal）EBPR reactors running anaerobic/aerobic （RAO） and anaerobic/anoxic （RAA）respectively to demonstrate the applicability of EBPR to wastewater treatment at low temperature.The results have shown that,at the temperature of 8~1 1 ℃,phosphorus removal microorganisms （Ac-cumulibacter）have been completely enriched in both anaerobic/aerobic and anaerobic/anoxic reactors after 40 and 80 days of operation,respectively.It has been found that the capacities of phosphorus release and uptake by PAO are higher than that by DPB,presenting the ratios of phosphorus release to MLVSS and phosphorus uptake to MLVSS of 27.7 mg P/g MLVSS,35.2 mg P/g MLVSS in RAO and 17.4 mg P/g MLVSS,23.1 mg P/g MLVSS in RAA,re-spectively.Moreover,DPB can immediately use oxygen as the electron acceptor for uptake phosphorus when given an aerobic condition,while PAO does not rapidly use nitrate as the electron acceptor when given an anoxic environment with the phosphorus uptake per MLVSS of 6.9 mg P/g MLVSS only accounting for 19.6% of that in aerobic condi-tion.Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH）analyses has shown that PAO （79.3% of all bacteria）and DPB （61. 6% of all bacteria）are dominant in their respective reactors,significantly greater than that in seed sludge （9.3%of all bacteria）,which also demonstrates that microorganisms responsible for phosphorus removal have been effectively en-riched in the two EBPR systems proposed.