老年患者医院获得性急性肾损伤相关因素分析

Related factors analysis on hospital-acquired acute kidney injury in elderly patients

目的 探讨老年患者医院获得性急性肾损伤（HA-AKI）的相关危险因素,为老年HAAKI患者的早期诊断及治疗提供理论及临床依据.方法 对我院2010年5月至2012年5月住院的385例老年HA-AKI患者的病因和临床特点进行回顾性分析.结果 导致老年HA-AKI的主要原因为肾毒性药物（88例,占22.85％）,感染（76例,占19.74％）,肾前性血灌注不足（71例,占18.44％）,各种手术（68例,占17.66％）,肾后性梗阻（42例,占10.91％）.结论 老年HA-AKI的病因复杂,危险因素较多,主要为肾毒性药物、感染、肾前性灌注不足、各种手术及肾后性梗阻,提示对老年住院患者应密切观察,以期早期发现、积极预防.

Objective To explore the related risk factors of elderly patients with hospital acquired acute kidney injury （HA-AKI）,to provide theoretical and clinical basis for early diagnosis and treatment.Methods In our hospital from May 2010 to May 2012 the 385 hospitalized elderly patients with HA-AKI etiology and clinical features were retrospectively analyzed.Results Alzheimer HA-AKI kidney toxicity was the main cause of the drug （88 cases,22.85％）,infection （76 cases,19.74％）,before renal blood perfusion deficiency （71 cases,18.44％）,all kinds of surgery （68 cases,17.66％）,after renal obstruction （42 cases,10.91％）,pure between AKI and AKI occurred on the basis of chronic kidney disease （CKD） in the proportion of the HA-AKI （％） there was no statistical significant difference （P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusion There are many causes of the complex elderly HA-AKI,risk factors mainly include the renal toxicity of drugs,infections,renal hypoperfusion,all kinds of snrgery and after obstruction,which suggests that elderly hospitalized patients should be closely observed,for early detection and active prevention.