冠状动脉侧支循环的研究进展

The Research Progress of Coronary Collateral Circulation

心脏侧支循环的功能主要是在冠状动脉血流供运不足或血流中断时为缺血区域提供血流供运,以防止或减少心肌梗死面积。侧支循环主要存在于慢性冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者,也存在于部分造影正常的人。其形成的影响因素目前认为与冠状动脉狭窄时间及程度、缺血缺氧、剪切力、血管生长因子、趋化因子及蛋白酶等有关;其意义主要认为既有改善临床症状、保护缺血心肌、防止或减少心肌梗死面积,降低临床病死率以及评估病情严重程度等作用。冠心病患者侧支循环的影响因素以及临床意义是目前研究的热点、重点之一。

Collateral circulation of heart provides an alternative source of blood supply to the myocardium in cases of coronary artery blood insufficiency or interruption, to prevent or reduce the myocardial infarction area. Collateral circulation mainly exist in patients with chronic coronary atherosclerotic heart disease （ CAD）, but may also present in normal human hearts. The formation is related to a number of factors, such as time and degree of coronary stenosis, ischemia and hypoxia, shear force and some vascular growth factors, chemokines and protease. Collateral circulation may help improve the clinical symptoms, protect the myocar- dium,limit myocardial ischemia, prevent or reduce infarction area of infarction, to lower the mortality and assess the disease severity. The influence factors of collateral circulation and its clinical significance in patients with coronary heart disease is currently one of the research hot spots and focuses.