松萝酸对AA肉仔鸡生产性能与屠宰性能的影响

Effect of Usnic Acid on Production Performance and Carcass Performance of AA Broiler

选择健康的1日龄AA肉仔鸡225只,随机分成5组,即阴性对照组(基础日粮)、抗生素组(基础日粮+0.3 g/kg那西肽和0.25 g/kg硫酸黏杆菌素预混剂)及0.003%松萝酸(USA)组(基础日粮+0.003%USA)、0.004%USA组(基础日粮+0.004%USA)、0.005%USA组(基础日粮+0.005%USA),每组45只肉仔鸡(每组设3个重复,每个重复15只),饲养周期为42d。分别在1、7、14、21、28、35、42日龄对各组肉仔鸡活体重、投料量、剩料等进行称量,用于生产性能测定;同时试验结束当天(即第42天清晨),从每个重复组随机抽取3只肉仔鸡进行屠宰用于测定其屠宰性能。结果表明:0.003%USA组平均活体重、平均日增重分别比阴性对照组、抗生素组、0.004%USA组、0.005%USA组高4.26%(P>0.05)、2.03%(P>0.05)、5.41%(P>0.05)、12.43%(P<0.05)和6.08%(P>0.05)、0.75%(P>0.05)、11.25%(P<0.05)、14.02%(P<0.05);从平均日采食量、料重比可以看出,0.003%USA组较阴性对照组、抗生素组、0.004%USA组、0.005%USA组分别降低了1.56%(P>0.05)、3.92%(P>0.05)、0.88%(P>0.05)、0.90%(P>0.05)和10.19%(P<0.05)、2.08%(P>0.05)、10.19%(P<0.05)、12.96%(P<0.05);添加松萝酸试验组的存活率显著高于阴性对照组。不同水平的松萝酸对肉仔鸡主要胴体指标的影响表明,0.003%USA组较抗生素组宰前活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、腿肌重有一定程度的降低,但高于阴性对照组,差异不显著(P>0.05),而0.004%USA组、0.005%USA组对肉仔鸡屠宰性能基本无改善作用,但0.003%USA组较抗生素组腹脂率下降了8.17%(P>0.05)。说明添加0.003%松萝酸可在一定程度上促进肉仔鸡的生长发育,提高饲料转化率与屠宰率及一定程度上提高了肉仔鸡的存活率。

In this experiment,225 one-day-age AA broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups,namely negative control group （basal diet）,control group（basal diet＋0.3 g/kg nosiheptide and 0.25 g/kg colistin sulfate premix）and 0.003% usnic acid （USA）group （basal diet＋0.003% USA）,0.004% USA group （basal diet＋0.004% USA,0.005% USA group （basal diet＋0.005% USA）, with 45 AA broilers in each group （each group with 3 replicates, 15 birds per replicate）. This experiment lasted for 42 days. At 1,7, 14,21,28,35,42 days of age,live body weight, feeding and remaining feed of broilers were weighed to determine production performance;on the morning of the forty-second day, 3 broilers which were randomly selected from each replicate were slaughtered to measure slaughter performance. The results showed that the average live body weight and average daily gain in 0.003% USA group were increased by 4.26% （P〉0.05） ,2.03% （P〉0.05）,5.41% （P〉0.05）, 12.43% （P〈0.05） and 6.08% （P〉0.05）,0.75% （P〉0.05）, 11.25% （P〈0.05）, 14.02% （P〈0.05）compared to the negative control group,antibiotic group,0.004% USA group and 0.005% USA group, compared with the negative control group,antibiotic group,0.004% USA group,0.005% USA group,feed intake and feed conversion rate in 0.003% USA group were decreased by 1.56% （P〉0.05）, 3.92% （P〉0.05）, 0.88% （P〉0.05）,0.90% （P〉0.05） and 10.19% （P〈0.05）,2.08% （P〉0.05）, 10.19% （P〈0.05）, 12.96% （P〈0.05） ;Dietary usnic acid could significantly improve survival rate of 1 to 6 weeks age broilers. Compared with antibiotic group, slaughter weight, carcass weight, semi-eviscerated weight,eviscerated weight and leg muscle weight in 0.003% USA group were decreased to some extent, but were higher than that of in the negative control group （P〉0.05）. Supplementation of 0.004% USA and 0.005% USA couldn＇t improve slaughter performance of broilers, but compared with the antibiotic group,the percentage of abdominal fat in 0.003% USA group was decreased by 8.17% （P〉0.05）. Dietary 0.003% USA could promote growth and development of broilers to a certain extent, improve feed conversion rate,slaughter rate and the survival rate of broiler.