688篇药物配伍禁忌文献分析及预防对策

688 drugs incompatibility document analysis and preventive measures

目的 了解临床常见静脉用药发生的配伍禁忌状况，探讨药物配伍变化规律，促进临床合理用药，减少护患纠纷和药物不良反应发生，确保患者用药安全。方法检索2000年至2013年万方数据库中《中华护理杂志》、《中华现代护理杂志》、《中国实用护理杂志》报道的临床药物相互配伍时发生配伍禁忌的文献报道，对涉及注射剂配伍禁忌的期刊分布数量、药物配伍种类、配伍变化类型、对患者的影响等情况进行汇总分析。结果925期杂志中共有688篇配伍禁忌文献报道，其中涉及药物700种，与之配伍药物824种；报道较多的药物为：夫西地酸钠、氨溴索注射液、注射用头孢匹胺钠、注射用头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠、注射用泮托拉唑。主要配伍变化有混浊、产生沉淀、出现絮状物、变色反应、结晶、气泡等；对患者基本未造成影响。结论很多药物配伍变化具有一定的规律，临床用药时应注意合理配置和使用，护理人员应掌握药物配伍相关知识和药物配伍变化规律，采取有效措施可避免发生理化性质的变化，能有效促进临床用药安全。

Objective To investigate the clinical condition of incompatibility of common intravenous drug use, investigate variation of drug compatibility and promote rational drug use, reduce nursepatient disputes and adverse drug reactions occurrence, ensure patient medication safety. Methods To search articles about drag incompatibility by retrieving the Articles Database such as ＂Chinese Journal of Nursing＂,＂Chinese Journal of Modem Nursing＂,＂Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing ＂ from 2000 to 2013. The reported clinical drug incompatibility in the literature, involving the number of periodicals dealt with incom- patibility, the type of drag compatibility, change of compatibility type, and other circumstances affecting patients were analyzed. Results In a total of 925 issued periodicals, 688 articles reported incompatibility, which involved 700 types of drugs, compatibility of drug B involving 824 kinds. The common reported drugs were sodium fusidate, ambroxo｜ injection, pantoprazole sodium omeprazole sodium, vinpoeetine. The major compatibility changes were color reaction, turbidity, there- floe or precipitate, bubbles, etc. The in- compatibility did not affect the patients generally. Condusions The incompatibility of many drugs showed certain regular pattern. We should pay attention to the rational eonfect and clinical use. Nurses should master related knowledge and compatibility variation of the drugs, take effective measures to avoid the occurrence of changes in physical and chemical properties, and effectively promote clinical safety.