黄土高原半干旱区狼尾草属牧草品比试验

Comparison of Pennisetum cultivars in the semiarid area of Loess Plateau

以驯化筛选的中型狼尾草野生栽培新品系和本地产中亚狼尾草为材料,在兰州大洼山进行了为期3年的栽培品比试验。结果表明,在相同的栽培和田间管理条件下,中型狼尾草各物候期比中亚狼尾草推迟4~13 d,生育期比中亚狼尾草长8 d,而且其营养生长期较长。中型狼尾草的株高、分蘖数、穗长、粗蛋白、钙和磷含量显著（P 〈0.05）高于中亚狼尾草,叶量丰富,茎叶比极显著（P 〈0.01）低于中亚狼尾草21.9%,而且粗纤维含量低。中型狼尾草鲜草产量达4.79×104 kg/hm2,比对照中亚狼尾草增产59.1%；干草产量为1.60×104 kg/hm2,比对照增产58.4%。综合评比显示,中型狼尾草是值得在黄土高原半干旱区推广种植利用的高产优质禾本科饲草品种（系）。

The cultivar comparison test was conducted by using Pennisetum longissimum var.intermedium No.1 and P .centrasiaticum.The result indicated that 4 to 13 days delay of phenological periods was found for P .longissimum var.intermedium No.1 compared with P .centrasiaticum under the same conditions and field management.The growth period of P .longissimum var.intermedium No.1 and P .centrasiaticum was 120 and 1 12 day respectively,and P .longissimum var.intermedium No.1 was found with longer vegetative period. Height,tiller numbers,panicle length,contents of crude protein,calcium and phosphorus of P .longissimum var. intermedium No.1 were significantly higher than P .centrasiaticum,crude fiber contents in contrast,and stem/leaf ratio was significantly lower than P .centrasiaticum by 21.9%.The grazing rate of livestock on the stem and leaf of fresh grass was above 90%.Fresh yield and hay yield of P .longissimum var.intermedium No.1 was 4.79 ×104 kg/ha and 1.60×104 kg/ha respectively,which were 59.1% and 58.4% higher than P .centrasiaticum.