救生舱用超氧化钾药板供氧性能试验研究

Study on oxygen supply's performance characteristic of potassium superoxide renewable medicine board in refuge chamber

在救生舱等待救援的过程中,由于避难人员代谢导致的舱内温湿度及各项气体浓度复杂波动的情况会对超氧化钾氧板的产氧性能产生显著影响。为了使氧板能够满足救生舱内供氧及二氧化碳控制的关键救援指标,建立了密闭舱室实验平台,并设计了辅助氧气再生装置等,通过模拟救援状态下真人呼吸情况,对超氧化钾氧板的性能进行了实验研究。通过实验精确测定了超氧化钾氧板在不同环境湿度、表面湿度、二氧化碳浓度条件下的产氧量、供氧速率、二氧化碳吸收速率等关键指标,并通过密闭舱内的真人生存试验对其进行了验证,得到了氧板在真人使用情况下的用法及用量。结果表明,每隔10 min向超氧化钾氧板喷30 mL水,2块氧板即可维持4人2 h的呼吸量;4块氧板配比2 kg二氧化碳吸收剂即可维持4人4 h的生存需求。

When the victims are waiting for rescue in refuge chamber, their metabolism leads to the temperature, humidity and gas concentration fluctuations complex, which has a significant impact on the performance of potassium superoxide medicine plate production oxygen. In order to make the potassium superoxide medicine plate meet the refuge chamber oxygen supply and key control rescue indicators of carbon dioxide, the experimental platform was established and a hermetic cabin was designed in this paper, the auxiliary oxygen regeneration device under simulated refuge chamber of the space and equipment was carried on the experimental research on the ability of potassium superoxide generating oxygen within the confined space. The oxygen production, oxygen rate, carbon dioxide absorption rate of the potassium superoxide medicine plate were measured in different environmental humidity, surface humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. Through the confined space reality survival experiment test, the usage and amount of oxygen board under the real situation are obtained. The results show that two oxygen boards sprayed water 30 mL every 10 min can supply 4 persons oxygen for 2 hours;Four oxygen boards with 2 kg carbon dioxide absorbent can keep 4 persons survival for 4 hours.