河南省烤烟大田生长期光合有效辐射空间变异性

Spatial variance characteristics of photosynthetically active radiation during tobacco growth in Henan Province

地统计学是研究空间变异性的一种统计方法。结合河南省1950—2000年整编气象数据,计算出烟草各生长阶段的光合有效辐射量,并采用地统计学与GIS相结合的方法,研究了大尺度下河南省烤烟种植区烟草各生长阶段的光合有效辐射的空间变异性及分布特征。经典统计学分析表明,光合有效辐射在河南省境内可以较好地拟合成正态分布,满足地统计学所要求的平稳假设条件。其境内光合有效辐射中变异系数最大的是5月份,为9.61%,最小的是7月份,为3.92%。地统计学表明,河南省烟草大田生长期光合有效辐射可以拟合成为高斯模型,自相关距离为1719300.00 m,块金效应C0/sill为21.36%,具有强空间相关性。河南省烟草大田生长期光合有效辐射量987—1024 J/m2的低值区占研究区总面积的19.37%,主要分布在南阳、信阳、洛阳、三门峡、平顶山;光合有效辐射量1024—1060 MJ/m2的区域分布在三门峡、洛阳、平顶山、南阳,驻马店、信阳、洛河,占研究区总面积的34.50%;光合有效辐射量1060—1097 MJ/m2分布在济源、洛阳、郑州、平顶山、许昌、漯河、驻马店、周口、商丘、三门峡、新乡、安阳,占研究区总面积的19.98%;光合有效辐射量1097—1133 MJ/m2的次高值区占研究区总面积的26.15%,主要分布在开封、鹤壁、焦作、新乡、安阳、濮阳、郑州、济源和商丘;光合有效辐射量1133—1170 MJ/m2的高值区分布在濮阳、安阳,占研究区总面积的3.02%。研究表明,采用地统计学分析结合GIS技术,可以较方便地分析大尺度的光合有效辐射量的空间变异规律,从而为提高烤烟等大田作物的田间管理水平与品质产量提供精准的数据。

Geostatistics focuses on spatial variance analysis. By analyzing meteorological data relating to Henan province from 1950 to 2000, we calculated the photosynthetically active radiation （PAR） of tobacco at each growth stage, and studied the spatial variability and distribution characteristics of PAR by using geostatistics in a GIS platform. The PAR data fitted well with a normal distribution, correlating with the current hypothesis for geostatistics. The coefficient of variation （CV） of PAR for the tobacco growth stages was highest （i.e. 9.61%） in May, while it was lowest （i.e. 3.92%） in July. The PAR during tobacco growth fitted well with the Gaussian model, with a spatial dependence distance of 1719300.00 m. The C0/sill was 21.36%, indicating a strong spatial correlation. A PAR range of 987-1024 MJ/m2, accounting for 19.37% of the whole province, occurred mainly in Nanyang City, Xinyang City, Luoyang City, Sanmenxia City, and Pingdingshan City; a PAR range of 1024-1060 MJ/m2, 34.50% of the whole province, occurred mainly in Sanmenxia City, Luoyang City, Pingdingshan City, Nanyang City, Zhumadian City, Xinyang City, and Luohe City; a PAR range of 1060-1097 MJ/m2, 19.98% of the whole province, occurred mainly in Jiyuan City, Luoyang City, Zhengzhou City, Pingdingshan City, Xuchang City, Luohe City, Zhumadian City, Zhoukou City, Shangqiu City, Sanmenxia City, Xinxiang City, and Anyang City; a PAR range of 1097-1133 MJ/m2, 26.15% of the whole province, occurred mainly in Kaifeng City, Hebi City, Jiaozuo City, Xinxiang City, Anyang City, Puyang City, Zhengzhou City, Jiyuang City, and Shangqiu City; and a PAR range of 1133-1170 MJ/m2, 3.02% of the whole province, occurred mainly in Puyang City and Anyang City. Our research showed that large-scale spatial variance of PAR could be analyzed effectively with geostatistics and GIS, thus providing precise data for the management and quality/quantity improvement of field crops.