美国儿童保护强制报告制度及其对我国的启示

American Mandatory Reporting System for Children Protection and Its Enlightment to China

儿童保护强制报告制度,要求特定的人员在发现儿童虐待或忽视行为时向特定机构报告,未能报告的责任主体将承担相应的民事或刑事责任。该制度包括初步审查、启动调查、评估分析、公布结论、服务安置等措施。这项制度对我国儿童保护制度的构建有着重要的启示,包括重视儿童虐待构成的特殊文化、增加儿童免受虐待的具体规定、形成儿童保护救助的完整体系和强调儿童权利保护的社会责任等。

The mandatory reporting system for children protection provides that the specified person who finds the behavior of child abuse or neglect must report to particular agencies. The specified person who failed to report would assume appropriate civil and criminal liability. The system also has other measures to protect children, including preliminary examination, investigation, evaluation and analysis, conclusion, service placement, etc. It has the important enlightenment for constructing China＇s children protection system, which should attach importance to the special cultural characteristics of child abuse, add the specific regulations to decrease children abuse, make a complete system for children protection and assistance, and emphasize social responsibility to protect the rights of children.