红掌已知品种库的建立与应用

Development and Application of Cultivars Bank for Anthurium andraeanum

通过建立红掌已知品种数据库,了解国内市场上红掌品种的现状,为新品种选育提供指导,同时探讨已知品种数据库在新品种DUS测试中的应用。历时4年共收集了87个红掌品种,构建了红掌已知品种数据库。计算39个DUS测试性状的变异系数和遗传多样性指数,对数量性状进行相关性分析,比较了直接筛选和聚类分析方法在筛选近似品种上的应用。结果表明,红掌质量性状（假质量性状）的变异系数为14.00%-89.29%,平均变异系数为43.67%,平均遗传多样性指数为0.93;数量性状的变异系数为17.63%-32.34%,平均变异系数为26.59%,平均遗传多样性指数为1.02,表明红掌品种间多样性不够丰富,遗传基础较狭窄。相关性分析表明,所有数量性状间均显著正相关。根据调查问卷提供的性状直接从已知品种库筛选或以聚类方法均可有效地筛选或验证近似品种的有效性。可见红掌已知品种的遗传多样性指数偏低,不利于品种的进一步改良,已知品种库的建立可为DUS近似品种的筛选提供支撑。

To investigate the status of Anthurium andraeanum cultivars in Chinese, A. andraeanum cultivarsbank was established, and its application in plant new varieties DUS test was studied also. 39 characters of 87A. andraeanum cultivars were analyzed. The diversity indexes, coefficient of variation of 39 DUS traits andcorrelation coefficient of quantitative characters were calculated. Two methods, direct selection and clusteringanalysis, were used to select similar cultivar from cultivars bank. The results showed that coefficient ofvariation（CV） values of the qualitative characters（pseudoqualitative characters） tested ranged from 14.00% to89.29% with an average of 43.67%, the mean diversity indexes was 0.93. CV values of the quantitativecharacters tested ranged from 17.63% to 32.34% with an average of 26.59%, the mean diversity indexes was1.02. The results showed the presence of a low level of genetic variability and a narrow genetic basis among A.andraeanum cultivars. Correlation analysis showed that, all quantitative traits were significantly positivecorrelation. Directly screening from the cultivars library or by clustering method can effectively filter or verifysimilar cultivar according to the traits listed in questionnaire. The low genetic diversity index of A. andraeanum was not conducive to the further improvement of varieties. It was feasible to select similar cultivar or judgewhethersimilarcultivar was suitable based on the cultivars bank.