新加坡组屋与中央公积金政策分析

Analysis of Singapore Housing and Central Provident Fund Policy

新加坡住房保障是按照政府分配为主、市场出售为辅的原则。组屋的建设用地来自于国有土地转让和私有土地征收;资金来自于物业租赁、管理和服务收入、政府贷款、组屋出售收入;组屋类型包括新HDB组屋、乐龄公寓、私人组屋、执行共管公寓,通常是按照"先售后造"、"按需而造"的方式来满足不同人群的需求;在组屋购入且住满几年后可以在二级市场上转卖。在新加坡,之所以能修建大量的组屋,原因之一是背后有完整的中央公积金制度支持。公积金制度的基本功能是为退休后提供养老保障,如今又拓展到医疗、住房、家庭保障、资产投资等方面,成为一项综合性的保障项目。

Singapore housing security is achieved by the being allocated by the government as a main measure and sold in market as a supplementary tool. The land comes from transfer and expropriation; the fund comes from property leasing, management and service income, government loans, income from the sale of housing; the housing types include the new HDB house, senior apartment, private housing, the executive condominium. The integral central provident fund system supports the construction of housing, which extends to the medical, housing, home security, asset investment, and become a comprehensive security project