日本环境污染防治经验与启示浅析

Brief Analysis of Japanese Experience and Enlightenment for Environmental Pollution Prevention

今年是值贯彻落实"十八大"精神的开局之年。在中央"十八大"提出了"五位一体"科学发展的总体战略布局,其中首次将生态文明建设纳入其中,足见中央对环境问题的重视;日本在地缘上与我国一衣带水,并且经历了一个经济发展由盛转衰的全过程,其在工业高速增长期由著名的"公害岛国"变成"环境强国"的生态文明建设经验与教训值得我们学习和深思。笔者通过大量采集日本战后经济发展及环境污染防治的相关文献资料,对国内外专家学者的研究结论进行了梳理,从行政管理体制设置、法律体系设置、严格的执法程序、日本特色的环境保护援助机制、助力产业升级的先进污染防治技术及全民参与的环境教育理念等6个方面,对日本的环境污染防治经验进行了总结,以期对我国的生态文明建设发展有所启示。

This is the first year when the of the Party Congress raises the overall essence of the ＂five in one＂ Eighteen Party Congress is implemented. The Central Committee scientific development strategic layout, in which the construction of ecological civilization is incorporated for the first time, showing well the emphasis of the central committee on environmental issues. Japan, geopolitically connected with China by the same waters, has experienced a whole round of national economy from prosperity to recession, and its experiences and lessons from ecological civilization construction converting the famous ＂nuisance island＂ into ＂environmental power＂ during the period of high-speed industrial growth are worth learning and chewing. The author collects a large number of literature about Japanese post-war economic development and related environmental pollution prevention, clears up the research conclusions set forth by worldwide experts and scholars and sums up the Japanese experiences of environmental pollution prevention and control, including administrative system settings, legal system design, strict enforcement procedures, the Japanese individual environmental protection aid mechanism, advanced pollution control technology making industries upgrade, and the philosophy of civil environmental education, etc. in order to expect enlightenment for Chinese ecological civilization construction