某院浅部真菌病及其病原菌分布

Superficial mycosis and distribution of pathogenic fungi

目的了解某院浅部真菌病的感染情况及病原菌的分布特点。方法对该院临床拟诊为浅部真菌病的患者标本进行直接显微镜检查(以下简称镜检)、培养及菌种鉴定。结果临床拟诊为浅部真菌病的患者398例,其中真菌镜检阳性203例(51.01%),培养阳性237例(59.55%),镜检阳性率显著低于培养阳性率(χ2=6.057,P=0.014)。237例确诊病例中,儿童100例(42.19%),成人137例(57.81%);以手足癣病(109例,45.99%)和头癣病(89例,37.55%)为主,其次为体癣病(26例,10.97%)和甲真菌病(13例,5.48%)。分离病原菌,儿童以犬小孢子菌为主(49.00%),成人以红色毛癣菌为主(45.99%)。结论该院浅部真菌病以手足癣病居首位,致病菌以红色毛癣菌和犬小孢子菌为主;引起成人与儿童感染真菌病的病原菌种类不同。

Objective To investigate the occurrence and distribution characteristics of pathogenic fungi causing superficial mycosis in a hospital. Methods Specimens from patients suspected of superficial mycosis were conducted direct microscope examination,cultivation and pathogenic identification.Results Among 398 cases of suspected superficial mycosis,the positive rate of fungi was 51.01% （n= 203 ）by direct microscopy and 59.55% （n= 237）by fungi cultivation,positive rate of microscope examination was significantly lower than cultivation （χ^2= 6.057,P=0.014）. Of 237 patients with confirmed diagnosis of superficial mycosis ,100 （42.19% ）were children and 137 （57.81% ）were adults ;109 cases （45.99% ）were diagnosed with tinea of feet and hands,89 （37.55% ）tinea capi-tis,26 （10.97% ）tinea corporis,and 13 （5.48% ）tinea unguium. The major fungi from children was Microsporum canis （49.00% ）,and from adults was Trichophytonrubrum（45.99% ）. Conclusion The most common superficial mycosis in this hospital is tinea of feet and hands,and the major fungi are Trichophytonrubrum and Microsporum canis ,the species causing mycosis in adults and children are different.