术后需长期卧床患者褥疮的早期预防与护理

Early Prevention and Treatment of Bedsore in Bedridden Patients After Surgery

目的探讨术前、术中进行早期护理干预对预防术后需长期卧床患者褥疮发生的影响。方法采用随机对照试验设计,以2012年1月至2014年1月我院收治的因股骨骨折需手术治疗且治疗后需长期卧床的48例患者为研究对象,试验组24例术前及术中给予褥疮预防护理,术后采用常规护理措施;对照组24例仅给予常规术后护理。记录两组一般情况、褥疮发生人数及褥疮严重程度,并对两组褥疮发生率及其严重程度进行评估。结果住院期间对照组共16例(66.7%)发生褥疮,试验组共10例(41.7%)发生褥疮,两组褥疮发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组褥疮严重程度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示试验组褥疮发生的严重程度较对照组为轻。结论术前、术中进行早期护理干预,可降低术后需长期卧床患者的褥疮发生率,减少因褥疮造成的痛苦,临床应加以关注。

Objective To investigate the impacts of early nursing for the prevention of bedsore in bedridden patients after surgery. Methods We used a randomized controlled trial design, 48 patients who need surgery were included in the study. 24 patients in the experimental group accepted bedsore preventive care during preoperative and intraoperative period and routine care after operation; while 24 cases of control group only received routine care after operation. The general situation, incidence and severity of bedsores were recorded and compared between two groups. Results There was no statistical difference in the incidence of bedsores between the experimental group and control group （41.7% vs. 66.7%）, but the severity of bedsores of experimental group was significantly slighter than that of control group （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Early nursing intervention during preoperative and intraoperative period can reduce the incidence of bedsore in bedridden patients after surgery, and reduce the pain caused by bedsores. It should be concerned in clinic.