“先锋”形式的最后表演——解读马原小说近作《牛鬼蛇神》

The Last Show of Avant-garde Narrative——On Niu Gui She Shen by Ma Yuan

《牛鬼蛇神》是马原的近作。在西藏叙事的基础上,小说关于海南的叙事拓展了小说的表意空间,深化了神秘主题意义并试图进行深度的哲学思考。与马原早期写作比较,该小说写作延续了先锋小说创作理论和实践后期变化的趋势,即回到"故事",具有一定回归写实倾向。浓厚的自传色彩也是该小说的一大特色,其虽然表现出作者试图超越前期形式写作的倾向和努力,但小说内容仍是对其以往作品的大量拼接和重复组合,具有浓厚的形式色彩,小说主题并无更深刻的开掘和新意。这表明作家依然难以摆脱对形式的依赖。

Niu Gui She Shen is a new work written by Ma Yuan .On the basis of Tibetan narrative ,the novel focuses on the Hainan narrative w hich enlarges the expression space of the novel and deepens the myth subject on which the author tries hard to think philosophically .Compared with Ma Yuan＇s previous works ,this novel follows the change of the avant-garde novel creation theory and practice or more exactly ,the return to the“story”or realism .Autobiography is another key characteristic of Niu Gui She Shen .In this novel ,Ma Yuan shows his intentions to surpass his early successful works . However ,this new novel is still a kind of repetition and thicket of his previous works and there is no more profound and creative idea on terms of the theme ,style and narrative structure in the novel .It shows that Ma Yuan has the difficulty in getting rid of his dependence on the form which was his key to succeed in the mid-80＇s .