美国“课外教育计划”的背景、实施及效果

"After School Programs" of the United States of America:Background,Implementation and Effects

美国的课外教育有较长的历史,其背后有着深刻的政治、经济、社会和文化原因。近年来,"课外教育计划"(After School Programs)已经成为政府和民间组织以及广大公民关注的焦点。美国在政策制定、资金投入、组织保障、具体实施方面都开展了一系列富有成效的尝试。然而,由于前期理论研究的不足、质量标准及评价体系的不完善,"课外教育计划"在具体实施过程中也产生了一些问题。

Extracurricular education has a long history in the United States. There are profound political, economic, social and cultural reasons in it. In recent years, ＂After School Programs＂ has become the focus that attracts the attention of government, non-governmen- tal organizations and all citizens. The United States of America has carried out a series of fruitful attempts in policy making, funding, organizational guarantee and specific implementation. However, due to the lack of theoretical research and imperfection in quality standard and evaluation system, some problems occurred in practicing.