杜威教育思想对学生评价与创造性培养的启示

Enlightenment of Dewey's Education Thought on Students' Evaluation and Cultivation of Creativity

杜威教育思想是在美国急需具备技工知识和职业准备人才的社会环境下产生的,杜威从实用主义经验论出发,提出教育就是经验持续不断的改造。针对当时美国传统学校教育严重脱离社会生活,杜威提出"教育无目的论"与"教育的本质"。通过评析杜威主要教育思想,我国当前教育针对学生评价方面应当建立科学、完善的教育评价体系,尊重和培养学生个性与创造性等,有利于未来回答"钱学森之问"——如何培养创新人才。

Dewey＇s education thoughts came from an urgent need of talents with mechanics knowledge and career preparation in USA society. From pragmatic empiricism, Dewey proposed that education means ongoing reorganization of experience. In the traditional school, education was seriously out of social life at that time, when Dewey proposed ＂education with no aim＂ and ＂the essence of edu- cation＂. By analyzing Dewey~ primary education thought, this paper proposed that the current education on students/evaluation should establish scientific and perfect evaluation system, respect and cultivate students^personality and creativity. It will be of help to answer ＂the question of QIAN Xue-sen＂ in the future, which is ＂how to cultivate innovative talents＂.