论劳动者弱势地位矫正的理论不足及我国路径

Theoretical Insufficiency of Laborers' Vulnerable Position Redressing and Chinese Path

本文破析了倾斜保护与利益平衡理论、企业社会责任理论、职工参与理论并据此得出对劳动者弱势地位的矫正必须涉及到的三个问题——劳动者的角色定位、劳动者实体权利和程序性权利的关系、对用人单位利益的考量。在此基础上,笔者提出我国劳动者弱势地位矫正的应然路径:劳动者的弱势地位决定了劳动法保障劳动者权利的基本目的;通过劳动基准法赋予劳动者的基本实体权利,同时赋予劳动者程序性权利与用人单位博弈从而提高劳动者实体性权利的标准;在赋予劳动者基本实体权利的标准和程序权利对用人单位管理决策的影响程度上考量用人单位的利益。

This paper analyzes three theories including the tilt protection with the balance of interests, corporate social responsibility and employee participation. According to this, the redressing of the laborers＇ vulnerable position have to take three aspects which are the identification of laborers＇ role, the relationship between laborers＇ substantive rights and procedural rights, and considering the interests of the employer into account. On this basis, the author puts forward the idealized path of redressing the labors＇ vulnerable position. That is： in the light of the laborers＇ vulnerable position, the Labor Law should aim at protecting labors＇rights, bui not improve the laborers＇ rights coarsegrained; Labor Standards Law endues labors＇ basic substantive and procedural rights, in order to improve the standards of substantive rights by gaming with the employer; considering the interests of the employer when determining the standards of basic substantive rights and the degree of procedural rights affecting the employers＇ management and decision-making.