论屈骚对谢灵运诗文之影响——兼议《楚辞》在六朝的传播

The Influence of Qu Yuan and The Songs of Chu on the Poetry of Xie Lingyun

家族出身、文学才情、政治理想、仕途遭际等方面与屈原相似,是谢灵运接纳屈骚精神的重要原因。《楚辞》寄托比兴、浪漫想象、铺排叙事等手法,又影响到谢灵运的具体创作。结合六朝政治局势、时代风尚、文化思潮来看,缘情绮靡的诗风,推动了文人对形式美的探索;动荡更迭的政局,加深了时人飘若转蓬的无依感。讨论屈骚与谢灵运诗文之间的关联,进而探索六朝文人对《楚辞》的接纳,对于明确谢灵运文学思想的构成,洞察谢诗用典特征,钩沉《楚辞》在六朝的传播,具有非常意义。

The reason why Xie Lingyun has taken in so much of the influence of Qu Yuan and The Songs of Chu can mainly be attributed to the fact that the two poets were quite similar in their family background , literary talents, political ideals as well as the ups and downs they encountered along their official career .And the writing techniques used in the The Songs of Chu have also greatly influenced Xie’ s poetry.Considering the political situations, prevailing customs and the cultural ideological trends during the six dynasties, the poetic style, which attached great importance to feelings and literary grace, has promoted the literati’ s exploration of formal beauty.And the political unrest at that time has also deepened people’ s helplessness against the impermanence of life.Therefore, discussions on the connection between Qu’ s and Xie’ s poetry so as to dig out more about the acceptance of The Songs of Chu among the literati in the six dynasties is of some significance to the present attempt to recognize Xie ’ s literary thoughts, analyze his citations of the classics and thus rediscover the spread of The Songs of Chu during the six dynasties.