天山北坡经济带碳排放空间差异及生态补偿研究

Spatial Difference of Carbon Emissions and Ecological Compensation in the Economic Belt on the Northern Slop of the Tianshan Mountains

对新疆天山北坡经济带各市县土地利用碳排放量及碳排放强度进行分析,将天山北坡经济带各市县分为碳源区和碳汇区,并采用国际通用的造林成本法和碳税率法,对各区生态补偿标准进行了测算。结果显示:(1)天山北坡经济带总体上为碳源区,2000—2012年碳排放总量增加2 979万t,年均增长率1.1%。(2)按照碳排放强度进行分区,经济带内的主要碳源区为乌鲁木齐、克拉玛依等6个市县;主要碳汇区为乌苏、精河等5个市县;碳中和区为鄯善县、哈密等11个市县。(3)现阶段作为碳源区的乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、吐鲁番市、石河子市、昌吉市、阜康市应分别提供生态补偿标准适度额为29.99亿,4.42亿,12.80亿,6.29亿,9.02亿和4.13亿元。

Analysis of carbon emissions and carbon intensity in economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, divided it into carbon source area and carbon sinks area, using internationally accepted cost of afforestation method and carbon tax method, calculate the ecological compensation standard. The results show that, （1） Northern slope of Tianshan economic belt belongs to carbon sink on the whole, increase total carbon emissions 22.62 million t between 2000--2011 ,average growth rate 1.1%. （2）Partition according to carbon intensity,main carbon source areas are Urumqi, Kelemayi etc. ;main carbon sinks areas are Wusu, Jinhe etc. ;carbon neutral areas are Shanshan, Hami etc.. （3）Urumqi, Kelemayi, Tulufan, Shihezi, Changji, Fukang should provide 29.99, 4.42,12.80,6.29,9.02 and 4.13 hundred million yuan for ecological compensation.