大学生恋爱决策中内隐与外显线索偏好的研究

The Differences between College Students' Implicit and Explicit Cue Preferences in Romance Choice: An Eye-Movement Study

本研究旨在探索大学生恋爱决策中的内隐和外显线索的偏好差异。研究一在访谈和问卷调查的基础上,筛选出大学生在恋爱决策中关注的十四条线索,并让38名男性和52名女性大学生对这些线索进行重要性评分,从而比较不同性别的被试在线索`重要性上的差异,结果显示不同性别的大学生在品行、个人修养、性格、职业、经济条件、家庭背景和学历这些线索上有显著差异;研究二分别选取了男性和女性大学生最为关注的前八条线索,并通过眼动仪探索被试进行恋爱决策时的内隐线索排序,与通过自陈问卷获得的外显线索排序进行比较,旨在探索被试的内隐与外显线索的重要性排序差异。结果显示,对于不同性别的被试,其内隐与外显条件下在某些线索重要性方面的排序上存在显著差异;女性被试的平均注视时间排序和对线索重要性排序在学历和性格两条线索上也存在显著差异,而不同性别的被试对某些线索上的平均瞳孔直径排序上也和内隐线索重要性的排序上存在显著差异。

The study aimed to explore the difference between implicit and explicit cue preference in romance choice in college students.Based on the interview and questionnaire research, the first study selected fourteen cues that are regarded as important in mate decisionand chose 38 males and 52 females to make important ratings of these cues in order to make a comparison between different sexes as towhat cues count more. The second study chose eight most important, gender - specific cues, and made a distinction of the important cuerating between implicit and explicit cue preferences attained by the eye tracker and self- report survey, which used 21 male collegestudents and 24 female ones who had sustained a romantic relationship more than six months. The first study showed there was a significant gender difference in cues when it comes to behavior, mastery, character, profession,economic level, family and education background. The second one indicated a notable rating difference in some cues of importance indifferent genders. Moreover, there was a significant difference of cue rating in the mean fixation time and cue importance when femaleschose their heterosexual partner; while for subjects of different gender, there were notable differences in some cues in cue rating betweenaverage pupil size and implicit cue importance. In all, the result showed notable differences between college students＇ implicit and ex-plicit cue preferences in romance choices when choosing heterosexual partners of different gender. Meanwhile, some implicit indexessuch as average fixation time and pupil size were considered to be the important parameters in illustrating implicit attitude in romanticdecisions. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between implicit and explicit cue preference rating in college studentswho were experienced a romantic relationship. Besides, it showed that the number of fixation was an important indicator in reflecting theextent that people pay attention to when judging cue preference. The fixation time was regarded as depth of information processing, andthe pupil size was seen as the extent to which people are interested in diverse cues.