正交异性钢桥面板疲劳裂纹扩展机理及数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation on fatigue crack growth of orthotropic steel highway bridge deck

为追踪正交异性钢桥面板的疲劳裂纹扩展过程及通用的正交异性板钢桥抗疲劳设计与开裂加固提供理论指导,提出基于实桥有限元模型进行正交异性钢桥面板疲劳裂纹扩展模拟方法及流程。建立桥梁整体有限元模型进行恒活载作用下整体分析,结合实桥调查结果确定全桥疲劳关键部位;建立含焊接细节的疲劳关键部位精细化模型进行疲劳应力幅分析,并基于车桥耦合振动分析考虑冲击系数对应力幅影响,确定裂纹扩展方向、路径及寿命,进行疲劳裂纹扩展全过程分析;以既有大跨度斜拉桥正交异性桥面板疲劳裂纹扩展分析为例,验证该方法与计算流程的可行性、准确性,并为该桥运营期疲劳失效维修、加固提供理论依据。

In order to investigate the fatigue crack growth process of orthotropic steel bridge deck,and provide theoretical guidances for the anti-fatigue design and reinforcement,the real bridge’s finite element model based numerical simulation method and the process of fatigue crack growth of orthotropic steel bridge deck was proposed.The critical locations that are apt to suffer fatigue failure of the whole bridge were ascertained in accordance with the field survey results and the analysis of the whole structure under the dead load and the live load was carried out.Then,the refined finite element model with typical welded details of the critical locations was established to analyze the stress amplitude. According to the vehicle-bridge vibration based analysis,the influence of stress impact factor on stress amplitude was taken into account.The fatigue crack propagation direction,path,and the fatigue life were determined,and then the total process of fatigue crack propagation was analysed.Finally,the fatigue crack propagation analysis of an existing long-span cable stayed bridge with orthotropic steel bridge deck was taken as an example to indicate the feasibility and accuracy of the method and calculation process,and a theoretical basis was provided for the bridge fatigue failure repair and reinforcement in operation period.