国际金融危机前后中美主要木质林产品出口变化分析

Export Variation of Primary Forest Products in China and the United States and the Impact Factor Analysis

分析中关两国2005—2012年主要木质林产品和木质家具的出口变化情况。结果表明：中美两国在两个时期内（2005—2008年、2009—2012年）主要林产品出口额变化差距较大。2009～2012年与2005—2008年相比，美国出口的主要林产品有所增长，但增幅不大；相反，中国出口的主要林产品大幅增长。林产品出口区域方面，中国在纸浆、原木和锯材进口方面已经跃居为美国林产品第一大出口国，另外近年来美国主要林产品出口国涌现出新成员，如韩国、越南、印度等。受美国金融危机的影响，2009年美国各主要林产品的出口受到严重影响。纸和纸板、纸浆和纸制品的出口贸易额跌幅最为显著；从跌幅比例来看，刨花板、单板和胶合板下跌百分比较大，分别为45．58％、30．99％和26．17％。2009年中国主要林产品的出口较2008年下降10．25％，其中刨花板、单板和胶合板下降比例最大，分别达到29．49％、29．21和25．78％，对纸和纸板出口的影响最小，降幅为2．30％。

The variations of the exports of primary forest products and wooden furniture in China and the United States during 2005 - 2012 were analyzed. The results showed that the export changes of forest products in the two countries were significantly differ- ent during the study period. Differ to the small increment in the export of primary forest products in the U. S. , China＇s export in- creased significantly. With regard to export regions, China has become the largest importer of U. S. pulp, logs, and sawn wood. Some new members, such a Republic of Korea, Vietnam, and India, have emerged as major importers of U. S. forest products. The exports of forest products in the U. S. were severely affected by the global financial crisis occurred in 2008. The exports of paper/ paperboard, pulp, and paper products in 2009 declined dramatically in terms of export value compared with 2008. As to the drop rate, particleboard, veneer, and plywood dropped most significantly, by 45.58% , 30. 99% and, 26. 17% , respectively. The export of primary forest products in China dropped down by 10. 25% in 2009 over 2008, in which the exports of particleboard, veneer, and plywood dropped dramatically by 29.49% , 29. 21% and, 25.78% , respectively. There was minimum impact on the export of paper/paperboard, only with a decline of 2. 30%.