宁夏地区系统性红斑狼疮住院患者发病特点分析

Analysis of the characteristics of hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

目的 分析宁夏回族自治区SLE住院患者的发病及预后情况.方法 采用回顾性病例分析方法,选取2008年1月至2013年12月在宁夏医科大学总医院住院的SLE患者,收集其首发症状、系统累及和就诊情况,并采用t检验,Mann-Whitney U检验,x2检验和Logistic相关性分析进行统计学分析.结果 ①在184例住院患者中,男∶女为1∶9.8,首发临床表现以皮疹最为多见,占39％（72/184）,其次为关节痛、浮肿、乏力,分别占33％（61/184）、15％（28/184）、11％（21/184）.②晚发性SLE患者占18％（33/184）,与普通SLE患者相比,出现症状至首次就诊的时间明显延长.③血液系统和肾脏是最常累及的器官.④风湿科确诊率最高,以浮肿为首发症状的患者,肾内科确诊率最高.结论 SLE好发于育龄期女性,易累及血液及肾脏,首诊医院和首诊科室的选择不当是造成SLE患者诊治延误的主要原因.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and to characterize the epidemiology of SLE.Methods The data of 184 patients admitted to Ningxia Medical College Hospital during January 2008 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The data analysis included the initial symptoms,system involvement and clinical situations.Chi-square test,t test,Mann-Whitney U test and Logistic analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results ① The ratio of male and female was 1∶9.8.The most common clinical symptoms was rash in 72 cases （39％）,and followed by joint pain in 61 cases （33％）,swelling in 28 cases （15％） and fatigue in 21 cases （11％）.② Eighteen percent （33/184） patients were late-onset SLE patients.Compared with regular SLE patients,the interval was longer in late-onset SLE patients between clinical symptoms onset and the time when they saw the doctor.③ Blood and kidney were the most commonly affected organs.④ The highest diagnosis rate occurred in rheumatology department,the highest diagnosis rate occurred in the kidney department for patients with dropsy as starting symptom.Conclusion SLE primarily occurs in childbearing aged women.The reason of misdiagnosis of SLE is mainly due to the incorrect hospital selection for the first visit.Delayed diagnosis will lead to delay in the treatment.