Joint inversion of P-wave velocity and Vp–Vs ratio: imaging the deep structure in NE Japan

Vp和Vp/Vs联合反演:在日本东北地区深部结构成像(英文)

A new inversion scheme is presented to obtain three-dimensional images of P-wave velocity（Vp） and P–S-wave velocity ratio（Vp/Vs） using P- and S-phase pairs, i.e., the same source–receiver pairs for the P- and S-wave arrival-time data. The S-wave velocity（Vs） was separately inverted using the S-phase arrival times. The earthquake hypocenters were simultaneously relocated in the joint inversion. The method considers the Vp/Vs anomaly as a model parameter in the inversion. The proposed method thus provides a more robust calculation of the Vp/Vs anomaly than the conventional method of dividing Vp by Vs. The method also takes into account the ray path difference between P- and S-waves, and hence yields a less biased Vp–Vs ratio than the method of inverting S–P-wave data for Vp and Vp/Vs anomalies under the assumption of identical P and S ray paths. The proposed method was used to image the crust and upper mantle in northeastern（NE） Japan taking advantage of a large number of high-quality arrival times of P- and S-wave source–receiver pairs. The inverted structures suggest that the subducting slab of the Pacific plate is an inclined zone of high-Vp and Vs anomalies with low Vp/Vs perturbation. The mantle wedge is characterized by low-Vp, low-Vs, and high-Vp/Vs anomalies at shallow depths beneath active volcanoes. These features are also observed at greater depths in the back-arc region. Although these features have been previously reported, the Vp/Vs anomaly pattern obtained in this study shows much less scatter and is much better correlated with the seismic velocity perturbation patterns than previous studies. The proposed method can be used, in conjunction with velocity anomaly patterns, to quantify thermal processes associated with plate subduction.

本文提出了一种新的反演方法:通过采用纵、横波走时数据对(从相同的震源产生的P和S波被同一台站记录)来联合反演纵波速度(Vp)和纵、横波速度比(Vp/Vs),然后单独反演横波速度Vs,在反演过程中同时对地震参数进行定位。该方法不需要假设P和S波的射线路径一致,它是沿着P和S波射线路径计算相对慢度扰动值。该方法直接把Vp/Vs作为一个模型参数,由此能获得比采用从独立反演获得的Vp和Vs计算出Vp/Vs的方法更精确的速度比值。该新方法被应用到反演日本东北地区的壳幔速度及波速比结构的研究中,获得了较好的效果。反演结果表明,在日本东北地区,太平洋俯冲板块为一高Vp,高Vs和低Vp/Vs异常区,而在活火山下方的浅部地幔楔以及背弧深部地区为低Vp,低VS和高Vp/VS异常。虽然这些特征在前人的研究中已经报道过,但与前人的研究结果相比,本次研究所获得的Vp/Vs的空间分布具有较小的分散性,同时,它的分布特征能较好的与地震波速度结构相吻合。