人工颈椎间盘的假体结构及应用特点

Prosthesis structure and application features of artificial cervical disc

背景:目前人工颈椎间盘假体设计和使用都得到了很大的发展,主要有低磨擦滑动面、弹簧系统、橡胶制成的人工颈椎间盘及其他各种弹性假体。目的:总结人工颈椎间盘假体结构特点及在骨科的应用现状。方法:由第一作者以"人工颈椎间盘;假体;椎间盘突出症"和"Artificial Cervical Disc;prosthesis;intervertebral disc herniation;the surgical therapy"为关键词,分别在CNKI(2000至2013年)和PubMed数据库(1960至2013年)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)检索近年文献,检索内容为人工颈椎间盘假体在骨科的应用。计算机在CNKI数据库检索出200篇文献,在PubMed数据库检索出56篇文献,阅读标题和摘要进行筛选,保留符合纳入标准的40篇归纳总结。结果与结论:人工颈椎间盘假体类似椎间盘生理功能,材料具有耐磨损、耐疲劳、抗腐蚀等特点,它类似于人体椎间盘的生理和生物力学载荷功能,保持了脊柱的稳定和运动功能,避免了邻近节段的退变加速。文章重点对Bryan、Mobi-C、PCM、Prodisc-C、Prestige及CerviCore人工颈椎间盘结构做了介绍。人工颈椎间盘置换的短期疗效已得到认可,但是它不能完全替代颈前路植骨融合内固定,是治疗颈椎退变性椎间盘疾病的又一主要手段。

BACKGROUND：The design and use of artificial cervical disc prosthesis have great development, such as rubber-made artificial cervical disc with low-friction sliding surface and spring system, and other various elastic prostheses. OBJECTIVE：To summarize structural characteristics and present application of artificial cervical disc prosthesis. METHODS：The first author searched CNKI （2000-2013） and PubMed databases （1960-2013） http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed for literatures on application of artificial cervical disc prosthesis. The key words included artificial cervical disc, prosthesis, intervertebral disc herniation, the surgical therapy. 200 literatures and 56 literatures were respectively searched in CNKI and the PubMed. Titles and abstracts were read. A total of 40 literatures were in accordance with inclusion criteria and included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Artificial cervical disc prosthesis was consistent with physiological functions of intervertebral disk. The material is characterized by abrasion, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, is similar to physiological and biomechanical function of human disc, maintains the stability of the spine and motor function, and avoids the accelerated degeneration of adjacent segments. Articles mainly introduced the structure of Bryan, Mobi-C, PCM, Prodisc-C, Prestige and CerviCore artificial cervical disc. Short-period therapeutic effects of artificial cervical disc replacement have obtained approval. However, it cannot completely replace anterior cervical fusion, but is another manner to treat cervical degenerative disc disease.