已婚成人婚姻冲突应对方式与婚姻质量、婚龄之间的关系研究

The relationships among married adult's marital conflict resolution and marital quality,married age

目的:探讨婚姻冲突应对策略与婚姻质量、婚龄之间的关系。方法:以方便取样的方法在全国范围内选取已婚个体914人,使用亲密关系冲突应对方式量表和Olson婚姻质量问卷(ENRICH),采用t检验、相关分析和回归分析,考察已婚男女的婚姻冲突应对策略、婚姻满意度的差异性,及与婚龄之间的关系。结果:(1)无论是男性还是女性在婚姻满意度、性格相容性、夫妻交流3个因子得分均低于美国常模,而角色平等性得分高于美国常模,且女性角色平等性的得分高于男性。(2)在冲突解决策略的回避和服从维度上男性的得分显著高于女性。(3)妥协对婚姻质量有正向的积极作用,而控制、服从、回避、分离和行为反应对婚姻质量有负向的消极作用。(4)男性的婚姻满意度、婚龄与回避呈显著正相关。(5)女性的婚姻质量中的夫妻交流与角色平等性与婚龄呈负相关,即随着年龄的增长,女性对夫妻交流的方式和交流量越不满意,对婚姻中的承担的角色评价越低。(6)逐步回归显示,男性婚姻应对方式中的行为反应、妥协、控制、分离可以预测婚姻质量42.8%的方差变异,其中行为反应的贡献最大,解释32.4%的变异;女性婚姻应对方式中的妥协、行为反应、回避、分离4个因子可以预测婚姻质量45.9%的方差变异,其中妥协的贡献最大,解释33.4%的变异。结论:婚姻冲突应对方式和婚姻质量之间存在显著的性别差异,在婚姻健康咨询服务实践中,应关注其性别差异,有针对性的进行认知和行为治疗,使其学会应用积极、有效的应对方式来应对现实生活应激事件,从而提高婚姻质量。

Objectives： To explore the relationships between marital conflict resolution style and marital quality and age. Methods： 914 married subjects were selected nationwide and surveyed with the Romantic Partner Conflict Resolution Scale and ENRICH. The data were analyzed with T - test, correlation analysis and regression a- nalysis. Results： （ 1 ） scores of marital satisfaction, couple communication, personality compatibility of both male and female were lower than the U.S. norm, and the role of equality score was higher than the U. S. norm, with women scoring higher than men; （2） Male scored significantly higher than females in conflict avoidance and obey; （3） Compromise was positively correlated to marital quality, but control, obey, avoidance and interactive behavior were correlated to marital quality negatively; （4） Man＇ s marital satisfaction and marriage age was significantly posi- tively related to avoidance; （5） for females, couple communication and role equality were negatively related to mar- riage age; （6） as stepwise regression showed that males＇ interactive behavior, compromise, control, separation could predict 42.8% of marital satisfaction, and the largest contribution came from interactive behavior, which ex- plained 32.4% variation, while for females compromise, interactive behavior, avoidance and separation could pre- dict 45.9% variance of marital quality variations and the largest contribution came from compromise, explaining 33. 4% of the variation. Conclusion： Gender difference should be paid attention to in marriage health education and counseling services. Targeted cognitive and behavioral therapy should be conducted to help them learn positive and effective ways to address stressful events, thereby improving marital quality.