辽宁省农村地区50岁以上人群致盲眼病调查与分析

Investigation of Blindness for the People over Fifty Years in Rural Areas of Liaoning Province

目的调查分析辽宁省农村地区50岁以上人群致盲眼病分布情况。方法采用随机抽样方法,2012年5月至2013年5月在辽宁省内选择建平县、本溪满族自治县、东港市50岁以上农村居民作为调查对象,对其进行视力、裂隙灯、眼底、验光、眼压检查。按照WHO制定的视力损伤标准进行视功能评价并分析原因。结果实际受检人数7 277人,总受检率占常驻人口90%以上。致盲性眼病排名依次为白内障(38.3%)、黄斑病变(3.6%)、糖尿病视网膜病变(2.8%)、角膜混浊(1.7%)、青光眼(0.8%)。省内不同地域致盲眼病的患病率不同,与当地的经济情况等密切相关。白内障仍是排名第一的致盲性眼病。糖尿病视网膜病变的发病率增长迅速且对视力的损伤巨大。结论辽宁省50岁以上农村人群致盲眼病结构正在发生变化,必须引起足够重视。

Objective To investigate the distribution of blindness for these people over fifty years in nural areas of Liaoning province.Methods Used the random sampling,the inhabitants lived in Jianping County,Benxi Manchu Autonomous County,Donggang County were chosen as the subjects.Slit-lamp examination,fundus examination,automatic optomotry,and intra-ocular tension were performed for the subjects.The causes of vision damage were analyzed according to the WHO classification of visual impairment.Results Seven thousand two hundred and seventy-seven subjects were analyzed.The number covered more than ninety percent inhabitants in the local areas.The causes of vision damage were cataract （38.3％）,maculopathy （3.6％）,diabetic retinopathy （2.8％）,corneal opacity （1.7％）,and glaucoma （0.8％）.The incidence varied from one area to anot her according to the local economic conditions.Cataract was still the major cause of vision damage.The incidence of diabetic retinopathy rapidly increased,which significantly affected on the eyesight.Conclusion The structure of leading diseases of blindness in rural population is changing,which requires to pay more attentions.