北京市丰台区公务员健康状况自评与工作状况研究

The relationship between work and self-rated health among public servants in Fengtai district of Beijing

目的了解北京市丰台区公务员自评健康状况和工作状况以及两者之间的关系。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法,选取了北京市丰台区6家公务员单位,并对抽中单位中18~60岁的所有在职工作人员开展问卷调查。采用单因素方差分析和多元线性回归进行分析,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本研究共调查公务人员646人,其中男性400人,占61.92%,女性246人,占37.08%。健康状况自评得分男性为（74.32±11.87）分,女性为（74.75±11.69）分;就工作状况而言,52.02%的调查对象认为工作强度较小;47.68%的调查对象非常喜欢/喜欢当前的工作;45.67%的调查对象认为自己的工作有很大/有成就感;54.49%的调查对象认为自己的工作能力能得到很好发挥。多元线性回归分析发现,随着工作强度的增大（β=-3.731）、工作兴趣的减少（β=-3.032）、工作成就感的降低（β=-2.693）、工作能力发挥程度减少（β=-2.126）,健康状况自评量表的得分越低（P〈0.05）。结论公务员群体健康自评得分较高,健康自评得分与工作强度、工作兴趣、工作是否有成就感、在工作中能力是否得到发挥明显关联。

Objective To understand the relationship between work and self-rated health among public servants in Fengtai,Beijing. Methods Public servants aged 18to 60years from 6institutions in Fengtai district of Beijing were selected by cluster sampling.A questionnaire survey was conducted.Analysis of variance and multi-factor regression analysis were adopted for data analysis. Results A total of 646public servants were surveyed with 61.92%of males and 37.08%of females.The scores of self-rated health were 74.32±11.87in males and 74.75±11.69in females.52.02% of the participants reported low intensity of work and 47.68%were satisfied with their works.Around half surveyed felt great accomplishment of their jobs and 54.49%claimed their capabilities could be fully developed.Linear regression analysis revealed that work intensity（β=-3.731）,job interest（β=-3.032）,sense of accomplishment（β=-2.126）and capability development（β=-2.693）were related to self-rated health. Conclusions The score of self-rated health is high among public servants,which is closely associated with work intensity,job interest,ability utilization and achievement.