永州市农村居民药学服务需求调查

Demand for pharmacy service among rural residents in Yongzhou city:a cross-sectional survey

目的 了解农村居民对药学服务的需求情况,为在基层农村有效开展药学服务提供理论指导。方法抽取湖南省永州市11个县区的28个基层乡、镇的6 145名居民进行药学服务需求问卷调查。结果 在药学服务涵盖的13个要素中,能解释总方差〉62%的5个服务要素为个体健康状况、合理用药知识教育、多种药物的选择、降低费用、用药剂量,相对权重依次为17.32%、15.27%、13.08%、12.25%、10.49%;不同年龄段居民对药学服务需求的重点差异有统计学意义,30-39岁居民对用药副作用的需求高于≥40岁居民（x2=4.58,P〈0.05）,≥50岁居民对用药知识教育的需求高于﹤50岁居民（χ2=4.02,P〈0.05）,≥60岁居民在多种药物选择和降低费用方面明显高于〈60岁居民（χ2=7.61、6.86,P〈0.01）。结论 永州市农村居民合理用药知识匮乏,需要安全、合理、有效与经济用药的药学服务。

Objective To assess the demand for pharmacy service among rural residents and to provide theoretical guidance for effective pharmacy service in rural grassroots. Methods Totally 6 145 residents were selected from 28 villages or towns of 11 counties or districts in Yongzhou city, Hunan province and were surveyed with a questionnaire about pharmacy service. Results Among 13 factors in demand for pharmacy service, individual＇s health condition, education on reasonable medication, the choice of a variety of drugs, reduction of medication cost, and medication dosage were major elements, with the relative weight of 17.32%, 15.27%, 13.08%, 12. 25%, and 10. 49%, respectively, and contributing to more than 62 percentage of the total variance. There were differences in major demands for pharmacy service among the residents at various age;the residents aged 30 to 39 years had a higher demand for knowledge about side effect of medication than the residents at age of 40 years or older（χ2 = 4. 58, P 〈 0. 05 ） and the residents aged 60 years or more had higher demands for choice of a variety of drugs and reduction of medication cost than the residents younger than 60 years （χ2 = 7.61 and 6. 86, P 〈 0. 01 for all）. Conclusion Rural residents in Yongzhou city are lack of knowledge on the rational medication and need pharmacy service for safe, reasonable, effective, and economic medication urgently.