制动式垫枕在预防乳腺癌术后并发症中的应用效果研究

Effect of the brake type pillow on preventing the postoperative complication in breast cancer patients

目的：探讨制动式垫枕在预防乳腺癌术后并发症中的应用效果。方法将160例行乳腺癌改良根治术患者按随机数字表随机分为观察组和对照组各80例，观察组术后使用制动式垫枕，对照组按传统方法护理，比较两组乳腺癌术后皮下引流量、皮下积液、皮瓣坏死和患肢水肿发生情况。结果观察组术后皮下引流总量为（276．59±163．10）ml，与对照组的（431．72±265．18）ml比较，差异有统计学意义（t＝3．573，P＜0．01）；观察组皮下积液发生率为0．25％，对照组皮下积液发生率为1．63％，两组比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝8．901，P＜0．01）；观察组皮瓣坏死发生率为0．25％，对照组皮瓣坏死发生率为1．38％，两组比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝6．782，P＜0．01）；两组患者患肢水肿发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．592，P＞0．05）。结论应用制动式垫枕能减少乳腺癌术后皮下引流量，预防皮下积液和皮瓣坏死的发生，但预防患肢水肿有待进一步研究。

Objective To explore the effect of the brake type pillow on preventing the postoperative complication in breast cancer patients .Methods One hundred and sixty patients with modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table, each with 80 cases.The observation group received the brake type pillow , and the control group received the routine nursing .The incidence of postoperative subcutaneous drainage , the subcutaneous effusion , the skin flap necrosis and the paretic upper-limb edema were compared between two groups .Results The amount of postoperative subcutaneous drainage in the observation group was （276.59 ±163.10） ml, and was （431.72 ± 265.18） ml in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （t=3.573,P〈0.01）.The incidence rate of subcutaneous effusion was 0.25%in the observation group , and was lower than 1.63%in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 =8.901,P〈0.01）.The incidence rate of skin flap necrosis was 0.25% in the observation group, and was lower than 1.38% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 =6.782,P〈0.01）.No difference was found in the incidence of the paretic upper-limb edema between two groups （χ2 =0.592,P〉0.05）.Conclusions Application of the brake type pillow can reduce the subcutaneous drainage after the operation in breast cancer patients , and prevent the incidence of the subcutaneous effusion and the skin flap necrosis , and it is needed to further study to prevent the incidence of the paretic upper-limb edema .