基于动态分时电价的电动汽车充电站有序充电策略

Coordinated Charging Strategy for PEV Charging Stations Based on Dynamic Time-of-use Tariffs

提出基于动态分时电价的电动汽车充电站有序充电控制方法。该方法在综合考虑用户的充电需求和电网负荷水平的基础上,以削峰填谷为目标,采用启发式算法动态求解接入充电站电动汽车的分时电价时段,由用户自主响应,以实现充电站内电动汽车有序充电。为验证所提方法的有效性,采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟用户充电需求,对电动汽车充电站在有序充电和无序充电两种情形下的配电变压器负荷、充电站运营经济效益和用户充电成本进行仿真计算和分析。结果表明:相较无序充电方法,用户通过自主响应充电站制定的动态分时电价激励,可显著降低充电站的运营成本和电动汽车用户的充电成本,并有效实现充电负荷削峰填谷。

This paper proposed a coordinated charging strategy for plug-in electric vehicle （PEV） charging stations based on dynamic time-of-use （TOU） tariffs. Based on customer charging requirements and system load profile, the proposed coordinated charging strategy seeks to achieve peak shaving by heuristically setting dynamic time-of-use pricing strategy for newly arrived electric vehicle charging customers and encouraging them to respond. Customers decide whether or not to respond to TOU prices and to delay their charging to lower price periods by themselves. The charging coordination of electric vehicles is then realized. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, the Monte Carlo simulation method was utilized to generate the charging needs of customers based on actual customer charging behaviors. The distribution transformer load profiles, profits of charging service provider and average charging costs per vehicle were simulated under uncoordinated and coordinated charging scenarios correspondingly. Simulation results indicate that under the proposed TOU pricing incentives, charging station operational costs and customer charging costs can be greatly reduced. The peak shaving of distribution transformer loading profile can also be achieved.