向后学院科学转型中的海洋科研机构——MBARI及其启示

A Marine Science Research Institute in the Transition from Academic Science to Post-academic Science: MBARI and Its Enlightenments

作为一家私立、非营利性的研究机构,MBARI在短短20多年的时间里便跻身为世界海洋科学与技术研究的一流机构,引起了业界的广泛关注。通过分析海洋科学发展历史,可以发现当前海洋科学正经历从学院科学向后学院科学的转型。MBARI强调研究中科学与技术紧密结合的办所理念和运行机制,正是顺应和印证了这一趋势。这种后学院知识生产方式打破和模糊了传统司托克斯二维四象限的划分模式,实现了在同一个知识生产主体内不同类型知识生产之间的不断反馈与交融。这一变化为我国海洋科学研究全球海洋科学研究向后学院科学转型的趋势下如何提升创新能力提供了借鉴意义。

As a private, non-commercial marine research institute, the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) has established its worldwide reputation in the researches on marine science and technology in just over two decades and has aroused widespread attention in this fi eld. By analyzing its developmental history, we fi nd that marine science is undergoing a transformation from academic science to post-academic science. MBARI adheres to the operational idea of close collaboration between scientifi c exploration and technological development, which conforms to and refl ects this major trend. This pattern of post-academic knowledge production breaks the traditional Stokes' separate Quadrant model, and achieves continuous feedback and interaction among different types of knowledge production within the same subject of knowledge production. This trend would shed light on how to promote the innovative capability of Chinese marine science under the circumstance of global transition from academic science to post-academic science.