肇庆地区泌尿系结石发病率的流行病学调查与结石成分分析

The Morbidity of Urinary Calculi Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Urinary Calculus in Zhao Qing Area

目的：探讨肇庆地区泌尿系结石的发病率、人群分布特点，结合结石成分分析将为本地区泌尿系结石的防治措施提供依据。方法对538例患泌尿系结石的住院患者进行流行病学调查，并对结石标本进行化学成分测定。结果患泌尿系结石的患者在市区居住的人群居多，男性发病多于女性，男女比例为1.19：1.00，该疾病主要好发于40～70岁的中老年人，从临床观察来看，大多数患者为上尿路结石患者，据统计，上尿路结石的患者会比下尿路结石患者高出约8倍。泌尿系结石化学成分分析以混合结石占多数，占82.0%，结石中草酸钙的检出率为83.6%，尿酸盐39.8%，磷酸钙51.8%，磷酸镁铵结石在感染性结石的患者中较为多见。结论根据不同的结石成分，进行针对性指导治疗，一般指导患者健康的饮食习惯、生活习惯，辅助中药调理，对预防和治疗结石有积极的影响意义。

Objective To discuss the morbidity of urinary calculi in zhaoqing area,the distribution features, analyzing Chemical composition of urinary calculi,its aim was to provide preventive measures for urinary calculi in zhaoqing area.Methods The epidemiological investigation was undertaken in 538 hospital patients.The chemical components of urinary calculi were analyzed.Results The incidence of urinary calculi is higher in people whom lived in the city,between the ages of 40~70 years old,and male more than female.The ratio of male to female was 1.19：1.00.the incidence of upper urinary calculi was higher than lower urinary calculi.the ratio of them was 8.In the analysis of chemical composition of calculi,the detectable rate for Combination calculi was the highest（82.0%）.The calculus components were mostly calcium oxalate which detection rate was 89.8%.The detection rate of uric-acid salts was 42.9%,and Calcium phosphate was 56.9%.Magnesium ammonium phosphate calculus was founded in infection stones.Conclusion According to the chemical composition of calculi,we could guide targeted clinical treatments.Intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Dietary could lead us to change peoples’living habit, which was significant to the treatment and prevention of recurrence in Urinary calculi treatments.