我国医疗卫生服务城乡分割和上下分割的现状分析及解决思路探究

Disparities of medical health service between urban and rural areas and upper and lower areas and their strategies' exploration in China

针对我国医疗卫生服务存在城乡分割、上下分割,即农村卫生服务滞后于城市、优质资源过分向大医院集中、基层医疗卫生资源短缺、服务能力不强、不能满足群众基本卫生服务需求等问题,剖析其原因,探索解决思路:通过建立城乡卫生四级网,加大中央财政对农村医疗基础设施的投入,推进城乡医院对口支援工作,健全城乡基本医疗保障体系,以及做好区域卫生规划、建立医疗服务联合体等形式,推进医院与社区一体化、县乡和乡村一体化,引导医疗资源向农村和基层流动,带动基层医疗卫生服务能力和水平的提升,改善基层医疗卫生的便利性和可及性。

In China,there were disparities of medical health service between urban and rural areas and the upper and lower areas,namely,rural areas lagging behind urban areas in medical health service,high-quality resources excessively concentrating on large hospitals,poor grass-roots medical health resources and service capability,unsatisfied basic health needs of the masses and so on.After analyzing some reasons of the disparities,we explored strategies to solve the disparities.In order to solve the disparities between urban and rural areas,we should establish urban and rural four level health networks,increase the financial investment in rural medical infrastructure,promote the work of urban and rural hospitals counterpart support and improve the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents.Also for solving the disparities between the upper and lower areas,some things should be done,such as conducting regional health planning and establishing medical service association,integrating hospital and community services,county and township and village services,guiding medical resources flow to the rural and grass-roots and creating high level of services to improve primary health care convenience and accessibility.