碘化铯催化二氧化碳与甘油合成甘油碳酸酯

Synthesis of Glycerol Carbonate from CO_2 and Glycerol using Iodide as Catalysts

以不同碱金属(铵)卤化物为催化剂,考察了其在二氧化碳与甘油合成甘油碳酸酯反应中的活性。采用环氧丙烷为溶剂及耦合剂,极大提高了反应的转化率。实验结果发现碘化物具有较好的催化活性。以碘化铯为催化剂,考察了反应温度、反应时间、反应压力、反应物摩尔比和催化剂用量对反应结果的影响。在最佳反应条件下(环氧丙烷0.3 mol,甘油0.1 mol,反应温度120℃,反应时间1.5 h,反应压力3.0 MPa,催化剂用量0.15 g),甘油的转化率为86.5%,甘油碳酸酯的产率为81.6%。

Glycerol carbonate was synthesized from CO2 and glycerol using different alkali metal （ammonium） halide as catalysts. Propylene oxide was employed as the solvent and couplant, which improved the yield of glycerol carbonate significantly. The experimental results showed that iodides possessed better catalytic activity than other catalysts. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction pressure, molar ratio of reactants and catalyst amounts on the reaction were investigated in detail, using cesium iodide as catalysts. Under the optimal conditions （reaction temperature 120℃, reaction time 1.5 h, reaction pressure 3.0 MPa, and molar ratio of propylene oxide and glycerol 3∶1 and catalyst amount 0.15 g）, the conversion of glycerol was 86.5%and the yield of glycerol carbonate was 81.6%.