典型草原黑线毛足鼠种群数量动态和繁殖的研究

Studies on Population Dynamics and Reproduction of Phodopus sungorus in Typical Steppe

2007～2012年在锡林郭勒盟典型草原鼠害综合控制示范区(东乌珠穆沁旗恩和宝力格苏木)和对照区(锡林浩特市阿尔善宝力格苏木)对黑线毛足鼠的种群数量动态和繁殖特征进行研究,结果显示:示范区和对照区中物种数和物种构成具有差异。6年中,示范区中捕获黑线毛足鼠142只,占总捕获率的47.33%,为群落优势种;对照区中捕获157只,占27.21%,为常见种。示范区和对照区黑线毛足鼠的种群变动趋势相似,均在2009年达到数量的高峰期,其余年份间种群数量波动不大,年平均捕获率低于4%。2009年对照区黑线毛足鼠的种群数量明显高于示范区,其他年份相差不大。6年中,示范区黑线毛足鼠的性比(雄/雌)高于对照区,但对照区的性比变化幅度大于示范区。示范区和对照区黑线毛足鼠的雄性睾丸下降率和雌性怀孕率差异不明显。

Population dynamics and reproductive characteristics of Phodopus sungorus were studied by a trap-day method in control area and demonstration area from 2007 to 2012. Research plots were typical steppe in Inner Mongolia, China. The control area, in which any measures were not taken, located at Aer- shanbaolige in Xilinhot. The demonstration area, in which the comprehensive package of technical meas- ures were taken, located at Enhebaolige in Dongwuzhumuqin Banner. The result showed that there were differences in specie numbers and species composition between the demonstration area and control area. 142 of Phodopus sungorus were captured in six years, accounted for 47. 33~ of the total capture rate, which was the dominant species in the demonstration area, but Phodopus sungorus was common species in the control area, 157 were captured, accounted for 27.21~. Populations dynamics of Phodopussungorus was similar in demonstration area and the control area, the population reached its peak in 2009, there was small fluctuations in population among the rest of the year, the average capture rate was less than 4%. In 2009, the population of control area was significantly higher than the demonstration area, and there were little differences between the other years. The sex ratio of Phodopus sungorus in demonstration area was higher than the control area, but the range in control area was greater than the demonstration area. Testic- ular descent rates of male and female pregnancy rates of Phodopus sungorus was not significantly different between the demonstration area and control area.