九种海洋微藻总脂含量及脂肪酸组成分析

Total lipid content and fatty acid composition of 9 strains of marine microalgae

从广东沿海分离出9种海洋微藻(包括6种绿藻,2种金藻,1种硅藻),在低氮并持续通入二氧化碳(1%CO2)条件下测试其总脂含量,对其中总脂含量超过其干重45%的海洋微藻进行脂肪酸组成分析并优化反应条件。结果表明,9种海洋微藻的总脂含量存在着明显差异,介于8.9%—55.77%之间。其中,海洋小球藻Chlorella sp.、眼点拟微绿球藻Nannochloropsis oculata、绿色巴夫藻Pavlova viridis和微拟球藻Nannochloropsis sp.的总脂含量超过干重的45%,而且,这4种富油海洋微藻的C16和C18脂肪酸含量丰富,C16:0、C16:1(n-7)、C18:1(n-9)含量较高,C14—C18长链脂肪酸的含量超过总脂肪酸含量的80%。4种高脂微藻在30℃高温培养条件下比生长速率均超过1.0 d-1。研究结果可为高温富油海洋微藻的工业化培养提供参考依据。

Nine species of marine microalgae, including 6 species of green algae, 2 species of Chrysophyceae, 1 species of diatom, were isolated and identified from Guangdong coastal waters. The contents of total lipid of the nine microalgae cultured under low nitrogvn and continuous aeration （1% CO2） were determined. The compositions of fatty acid of four microalgae in which the total lipid contents were higher than 45% of the dry weight were also analysed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the total fat contents of the nine species of marine microalgae among which total fat contents of Chlorella sp., Nannochloropsis oculata, Pavlova viridis and Nannochloropsis sp. were more than 45% of the dry weight with higher contents of C16：0, C16：1 （n-7）, C18：1（n-9）, and long-chain fatty acids. C14-C18 fatty acids made up 80% of the total fatty acid content in the four oil-rich marine microalgae. The growth rates of the four oil-rich marine microalgae were above 1.0 d^-1 at 30 ℃, higher than those at 20 and 25℃. This study can provide references for the industrialization of high-temperature oil-rich marine microalgae.