珠海人工红树林与天然红树林群落特征比较研究

Comparison on the community characteristics between artificial and natural mangroves in Zhuhai City

在珠海市鹤洲北、横琴岛设置不同的样地对2种人工红树林与2种天然红树林进行群落调查,分析比较人工林与天然林群落的物种数量、群落优势度、物种多样性和群落空间结构等特征差异,以期为指导红树林的人工恢复营造提供科学依据。研究表明:1)无瓣海桑人工林群落的结构组成简单、空间层次分布明显、林下植被主要为老鼠簕;2)秋茄人工林和天然老鼠簕群落物种组成相对丰富、植物密集、数量众多、竞争激烈;3)天然桐花林群落则与老鼠簕形成了共优群落;4)物种多样性综合指数的排序为:天然老鼠簕群落>天然桐花树群落群落>秋茄人工林>无瓣海桑人工林;5)在红树林的恢复重建中,可以考虑乡土种与外来种相结合、通过人工的方式增加群落的物种多样性,使群落层次更加丰富。

For providing a scientific basis about artificial mangroves restoration and reconstruction, we analyzed and compared the species number, community dominance, species diversity, and community spatial structure between artificial and natural mangroves by communities investigated in different plots in the north of Hezhou and Hengqin Island in Zhuhai City. The results showed that： 1） There were simple structure compositions and significant spatial distributions in Sonneratia apetala artificial communities, and Acanthus ilicifolius was the mainly understory species; 2） There were abundant species compositions, intensive, numerous and hard competition plants in Kandelia obovata artificial communities and Acanthus ilicifolius natural communities; 3） Aegiceras corniculatum natural communities were co-dominated by A. ilicifolius communities; 4） The comprehensive index of species diversity was： A. ilicifolius natural community 〉 A. corniculatum natural community 〉 K. obovata artificial community 〉 S. apetala artificial community; 5） It could be considered that it can be combined with exotic species to plant native species, and by artificial way to increase species diversity and enrich community level in mangroves restoration and reconstruction.