“安顺地戏”中的武术文化现象探究——兼论武术与戏曲的渊源关系

The Research on the Culture Phenomenon of marticl arts in the local Arshun demonstrate——Origin Relations between Martial Arts and Drama

武术与戏曲存在着本质的鸿沟。武术是一种"技击之术",对于戏曲,"以歌舞演故事"则成为其发展的主要艺术特征。但在安顺地戏中,诸多的武术文化现象却在地戏表演中、丧葬仪式中衍生,其原因一方面在于在本源上戏剧需要武术的参与来丰富其内容和形式;另一方面在于安顺地区的"屯堡人"作为外来军事移民形成的族群心态与族群表达。但更为重要的是,丧葬仪式本身就存在戏剧、武术生存、生长的空间。在丧仪中诞生戏剧,在地戏中与武术融合,有其独特的成因和特性。

There is an essential gap between martial arts and drama. Martial arts is a kind art of attacking and defensing, while drama is an art to tell stories with songs and dances. But the local operas of Anshun demonstrate numer- ous scenes with cultural phenomena of martial arts in opera performances and funeral ceremonies, the reason of which is that dramas need martial arts＇ involvement to enrich their contents and forms on the one hand. On the other hand, the military outpost people, as a foreign military immigration form, have their own ethnic mentality and expressions. But more importantly, the funeral ceremony itself is the space in which dramas and survive and develop. Dramas are born in the funeral ceremonies and fused with martial arts in local dramas with their unique reasons and characteristics.