《传染病护理》教学中强化护士职业防护教学的效果

Effect of Enhancing Occupational Protection Education on Nurses in the Teaching of Infectious Disease Nursing

目的探索《传染病护理》教学中强化护士职业防护知识教学的效果。方法便利抽样法选择2010级护理专业两个班的学生为研究对象,按所在班级不同分成A组和B组,A组在《传染病护理》教学中利用已编写的本校教材系统地进行职业防护课程教学,包括理论知识及操作训练;B组按照原有教学大纲教学。两组学生均在实习结束返校时进行职业防护知识问卷调查,主要包括职业暴露情况、暴露后的处理情况、职业防护知识及防护知识来源。结果 A组学生锐器伤的发生率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);在发生暴露后,两组学生在处理方法上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组学生在预防概念、医疗垃圾概念、洗手、化疗药物防护方面的知识掌握情况上的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。A组护生的职业防护知识主要来源于学校教育,而B组护生的职业防护知识主要来源于临床实习。结论在校期间进行系统的职业防护教学能有效避免或减少护生实习期间的职业伤害,在《传染病护理》教学中强化护士职业防护知识教学是值得推广的。

Objective To explore the teaching effects on enhancing the effect of occupational protection education of nurses in the teaching of Infectious Disease Nursing.Methods By convenience sampling, two classes students were selected and randomly divided into experimental group （Group A） and control group （Group B）. Students in Group A were systematically given occupation protection education with the teach- ing materials edited by the college during the teaching course of Infectious Disease Nursing, including the- oretical study and operation training. Group B was taught based on previous teaching outline. The students in two groups were all accepted the questionnaire when they came back to school after finishing their prac- tice, including occupational exposure conditions, situation handling after exposure, occupational protection knowledge and the source of the knowledge. Results The incidence of sharps injuries of group A was significantly lower than that of group B （P〈0.01）. The handling method were different after occupational exposure between two groups of students （P〈0.01）. Their knowledge of concept of prevention, concept of medical waste, hand wash, chemotherapy drug protection were statistically different （all P〈0.01）. The main knowledge of occupation protection of group A was derived from school education, and that of.group B was from clinical practice. Conclusion Systematic occupation protection education during school can avoid and decrease the occupational injuries during the internship. It can effectively enhance the occupation protection education of nurse in the teaching of Infectious Diseases Nursing.